DATABASE NOTES: This is a database of display text for hotspots and areas. The delineation characters are as follows: £ - beginnning of database; ¶ - end of index, beginning of label; º - end of label, beginning of description; • - end of description, beginning of instructions; ^ - end of instructions, beginning of next data record. For the purpose of locating specific lines, no blank lines are to exist in the database. -- update: description text was moved to instruction text where there was no instruction text.
£
1,#QTVR,#PICT,EPHOTO3.PIC
Unknown
┬╢
Label:
THOMAS EDISON WITH HIS TIN-FOIL PHONOGRAPH (1878)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
Nine months after making his first sketch of the tin-foil phonograph, Edison demonstrated the device in front of the President Rutherford Hayes and members of Congress. This photograph was taken by the noted Civil War photographer Mathew Brady.
^
2,#QTVR,#TEXT,EORGAN.AIF
unknown
┬╢
Label:
PIPE ORGAN
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
This pipe organ was a gift from Hilborne Roosevelt, who greatly admired Edison. It provided entertainment for the workers during their late-night breaks.
^
3,#BENCH,#Frame,FOILPHONO
(Explorable Tinfoil Phonograph)
┬╢
Label:
TIN-FOIL PHONOGRAPH (1877)
┬║
Description:
The tin-foil phonograph was the first machine that could record and play back sound. It has three main pieces: a brass cylinder with a spiral groove; a thin piece of metal, called a diaphragm, in the mouthpiece; and a stylus.
To make a recording, foil was wrapped around the cylinder. The operator cranked the handle, which rotated the cylinder. As the handle was cranked, a person spoke into the mouthpiece. The diaphragm would vibrate the stylus, which then created a series of indentations in the foil. It was possible to record about 10 seconds of sound.
ΓÇó
Instructions:
To examine the phonograph:
1. Click and hold down the mouse button to turn the phonograph in different directions. Let go to stop turning.
2. Click on the handle to play a recording.
3. To choose a new, original Edison recording, click on the Load button in the Toolbar. Then click on one of the recordings listed in the Load window.
4. The magnifying glass cursor will show you places you can zoom in.
Related Investigations:
Sound Mixer
Pitch & Frequency
^
4,#BENCH,#FRAME,Fluoroscope
(Fluoroscope- X-ray machine)
┬╢
Label:
EDISON'S FLUOROSCOPE (CIRCA 1896)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
In 1895 the German physicist Wilhelm Roentgen discovered that X-rays could pass through flesh and muscle and could be used to produce pictures of bones. Edison was one of the first to use this information to create a fluoroscope, which is an early form of an X-ray machine. Edison never patented these devices, instead he donated them to hospitals. At that time, no one knew how dangerous X-rays could be. Several Edison employees were seriously injured while working with the machines.
^
5,#BENCH,#AREA,BENCH,2,ELABCO.AIF
(Lab Corner Area)
┬╢
Label:
LAB CORNER
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
^
6,#QTVR,#PICT,EPHOTO4.PIC
(Framed Photo of Menlo Park Staff)
┬╢
Label:
THE STAFF AT THE MENLO PARK LABORATORY (1880)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
Edison called his lab in Menlo Park, New Jersey "an invention factory." The lab, built in 1876, paved the way for today's modern research laboratories. This picture shows some of the staff members who worked with Edison during that time. Edison, who became known as the "Wizard of Menlo Park," is sitting in the center, holding his hat.
^
7,#TICKER,#FRAME,TELEGRAPH
(Automatic Telegraph Activity)
┬╢
Label:
AUTOMATIC ROMAN CHARACTER PRINTING TELEGRAPH (1874)
┬║
Description:
This telegraph sent and received messages using Roman letters instead of Morse code.
Edison had been interested in telegraphs since he was boy. In 1862, at the age of 15, he started working as a telegraph operator. He soon began thinking of ways to make it easier to send and receive messages. The Automatic roman character printing telegraph was just one of many different telegraphic devices Edison created during his life.
ΓÇó
Instructions:
To use the telegraph:
1. Type in a message of 14 or fewer characters by clicking on the different keys. When you are finished, click on the "Done" key next to the "0" key.
2. The paper showing the printed message will appear. Click on the message to send it.
3. Click on the transmitter to see a close-up of how the message is transmitted.
4. You can also click on the receiver to see what it looks like.
Related Investigations:
Circuits
Resistance
^
8,#TICKER,#FRAME,TICKER_QT
(Stock Ticker)
┬╢
Label:
CHEMICAL STOCK QUOTATION PRINTER (1884)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
Edison sold the rights to his first stock ticker in 1870 for $30,000, which gave him the money he needed to continue inventing. This printing stock ticker was one of the many improvements on the original model.
^
9,#TICKER,#AREA,TICKER,4,EAUTELE.AIF
(Telegraph, Stock Ticker Area Background)
┬╢
Label:
TELEGRAPH TABLE
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
^
10,#DESK,#PICT,EPHOTO7.PIC
(Framed portrait of Edison over desk, Left)
┬╢
Label:
THOMAS EDISON AT AGE 34
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
By the time Thomas Edison was 34, when this photograph was taken, he had already invented the phonograph and the light bulb. He had also filed more than 300 other patents.
^
11,#DESK,#PICT,EPHOTO5.PIC
(Framed photo of Edison & 2 men over desk, Right)
┬╢
Label:
EDISON'S REENACTMENT OF HIS LIGHT EXPERIMENTS (1929)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
In 1929 Edison re-created the making of the first successful incandescent lamp to celebrate the 50th anniversary of this historic event. The other two men in the photograph are Henry Ford and Francis Jehl, a coworker of Edison's.
^
12,#DESK,#FRAME,ESCRBKC
(Closed Scrapbook)
┬╢
Label:
EDISON'S SCRAPBOOK
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
Thomas Alva Edison was born on February 11, 1847, in Milan, Ohio. He was only 21 when he received his first patent-for an electrical vote recorder. Edison went on to invent such devices as the phonograph and the light bulb. Before he died at the age of 84, Edison had created more than 1,000 inventions and was the most productive inventor in history. He died on October 18, 1931, in West Orange, New Jersey.
This scrapbook contains photographs and illustrations of important people, places, and events in Edison's life.
^
13,#DESK,#AREA,EDESK,11,EDESK.AIF
(Desk Area)
┬╢
Label:
EDISON'S DESK
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
Edison used this rolltop desk and chair in his library at the West Orange laboratory. He used the individual sections in the desk to organize his many projects.
^
14,#DESK,#FRAME,SAFE
(Desk, Safe, Spittoon Area Background),(click again to play safe opening animation ESAFE.MOV)
┬╢
Label:
EDISON'S SAFE
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
Edison was the most prolific inventor in the United States-during his lifetime he was granted 1,093 patents. This safe contains a few of the original patents for devices that Edison invented.
^
15,#KINETOSCOPESCOPE,#FRAME,ETMCLK
(Timeclock)
┬╢
Label:
WEST ORANGE TIME CLOCK (CIRCA 1890s)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
All the employees at the West Orange factory were required to punch in and out using this time clock. Even Edison used the time clock to keep a record of his working hours. His average workweek was 80 to 90 hours long.
^
16,#KINETOSCOPE,#FRAME,EKSDOOR
(Kinetoscope Activity),(click again to open Kinetoscope door - EKSDRO.MOV)
┬╢
Label:
THE PEEPHOLE KINETOSCOPE (CIRCA 1891)
┬║
Description:
The kinetoscope allowed people to view filmstrip movies through the eyepiece on the front of the device.
A number of kinetoscopes, showing different silent movies, were displayed at the World's Fair in Chicago in 1893. It was the first time the public had a way to view movie picture shows. In the next few years "Kinetoscope Parlors," which contained coin-operated machines, opened in New York, Chicago, Baltimore, Atlantic City, and San Francisco.
ΓÇó
Instructions:
To use the kinetoscope:
1. Click on the side of the kinetoscope to see how it operates.
2. Click on the eyepiece to view a movie.
3. To choose a new movie, click on the Load button in the Toolbar. Then click on one of the movies listed in the Load window.
4. The magnifying glass cursor will show you places you can zoom in.
Related Investigations:
Lenses
Gears
^
17,#KINETOSCOPE,#FRAME,KINETOGRAPH
(Explorable Kinetograph)
┬╢
Label:
KINETOGRAPHIC CAMERA (CIRCA 1891)
┬║
Description:
Although other inventors developed devices for making motion pictures, Edison's kinetograph, or movie camera, was the first machine capable of accurately filming objects in motion.
When Edison first began working on motion pictures, he did not expect them to become a popular form of entertainment. Instead, he thought that the movies he and others produced with his camera would be used for education and training.
ΓÇó
Instructions:
To examine the kinetograph:
1. Click and hold down the mouse button to turn the kinetograph in different directions. Let go to stop turning.
2. Click on the film spools near the front of the camera to see how the camera operates.
3. The magnifying glass cursor will show you places you can zoom in.
Related Investigation:
Lenses
^
18,#KINETOSCOPE,#AREA,Kinetoscope,6,ELIBCO.AIF
(Timeclock, Kinetoscope, Kinetograph, Elevator Area Background)
┬╢
Label:
LIBRARY CORNER
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
^
19,#QTVR,#PICT,EPHOTO6.PIC
(Framed photo over Mantle - Edison's 73rd B-Day Celebration)
┬╢
Label:
A CELEBRATION OF EDISON'S 73RD BIRTHDAY (1920)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
This photograph was taken on February 11, 1920 - Edison's 73rd birthday - in the courtyard of the West Orange laboratory. The other people in the photo are members of the "Edison Pioneers," a group of Edison's associates from both Menlo Park and West Orange, as well as other old friends and fellow inventors.
^
20,#LAB,#PICT,ESTRSCP.PIC
(Stereoscope)
┬╢
Label:
PEDESTAL STEREOSCOPE (CIRCA 1885)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
Stereoscopes were first invented in 1838 by Sir Charles Wheatstone. These devices display two slightly dissimilar pictures to the viewer's eyes. The pictures are then combined in the brain to give the illusion of three-dimensional depth.
^
21,#LAB,#FRAME,Insit
┬╢
Label:
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
^
22,#LAB,#PICT,EQUOTE.PIC
(Framed Quote)
┬╢
Label:
SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS QUOTATION
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
Edison framed this quotation and kept it on the wall of his laboratory. Reynolds was an English painter who lived from 1723 to 1792.
^
23,#LAB,#PICT,EPEN.PIC
(Electric Pen)
┬╢
Label:
EDISON'S ELECTRIC PEN (CIRCA 1876)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
One of Edison's lesser known inventions was the electric pen, which was powered by batteries. Several years after the pen was developed, it was used to make stencils for an early form of a duplicating machine called a mimeograph.
^
24,#LAB,#FRAME,EDOLL
(Talking Doll with sound effect)
┬╢
Label:
EDISON'S TALKING DOLL (CIRCA 1887)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
After Edison invented the phonograph, he went on to discover other uses for the device. One invention was this talking doll. Inside the doll is a small phonograph that plays pre-recorded messages.
The message in this doll is one of the original recordings used in the toys. It is a recording of the Mother Goose rhyme Little Jack Horner, which goes:
"Little Jack Horner sat in the corner, eating his Christmas pie.
He put in his thumb and pulled out a plum, and said, 'My what a good boy am I!'"
^
25,#LAB,#PICT,ETOASTER.PIC,TOASTER.AIF
(Toaster with Sound Effect)
┬╢
Label:
TOASTER (CIRCA EARLY 1900s)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
The first electric toasters appeared about 20 years after Edison created the light bulb. Before that time people made their toast using coal fire stoves, or fireplaces.
^
26,#LAB,#AREA,EWKDSKBG,7,EWKDSK.AIF
(Work table Area)
┬╢
Label:
WORKDESK
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
^
27,#LAB,#PICT,EPHOTO1.PIC
(Framed Photo of Chem. Lab in W. Orange over stairs, Right)
┬╢
Label:
THE CHEMISTRY LAB AT WEST ORANGE (1910)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
The chemistry lab was one of many laboratories in Edison's West Orange, New Jersey, factory. The factory was built in 1887. In addition to housing the different labs, it also included machine shops, a library with more than 10,000 books, a music room, a dark room, and a stock room. More than 3,500 people worked at West Orange.
^
28,#LAB,#PICT,EPHOTO2.PIC
(Framed Photo of Edison with Wax cylinder Phonograph over stairs, Left)
┬╢
Label:
THOMAS EDISON WITH HIS WAX CYLINDER PHONOGRAPH (1888)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
This photograph was taken after Edison went 72 hours without sleep while working to improve the phonograph. The resulting "improved phonograph" used wax cylinders instead of tin foil.
^
29,#QTVR,#FRAME,LIGHTBULB
(Build-It-Yourself Lightbulb Apparatus)
┬╢
Label:
INCANDESCENT LIGHT BULB EXPERIMENT (1879)
┬║
Description:
Edison invented electric lighting. The light bulbs he created worked the same way light bulbs do today. Electricity moves through the filament inside the bulb. This heats the filament material so that it becomes hot enough to produce light, an event known as incandescing.
Although light bulbs seem simple, Edison conducted thousands of experiments to produce a working bulb. This experiment was used to test two aspects of the light bulb-the type of filament to use and the amount of vacuum needed within the bulb.
ΓÇó
Instructions:
To test a light bulb:
1. Click on the light bulb rack, then click on the bulb you wish to test.
2. Set the vacuum level by moving the mercury bottle up or down to different positions on the ladder.
3. To test your experiment, click on the switch located in front of the light bulb rack on the table.
4. When you are finished with a test, click on the light bulb you tested.
Related Investigations:
Circuits
Resistance
^
30,#QTVR,#FRAME,Floor
(floor reveals to show "dynamo room" below)
┬╢
Label:
EDISON'S DYNAMOS (CIRCA 1879)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
While the light bulb was being developed, Edison and his assistants also developed power generators known as dynamos.
^
31,#DESK,#FRAME,ECHAIR
(Chair)
┬╢
Label:
EDISON'S ROLLTOP DESK AND CHAIR
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
Edison used this rolltop desk and chair in his library at the West Orange laboratory. He used the individual sections in the desk to organize his many projects.
^
32,#DESK,#FRAME,ESPITT
(Spittoon)
┬╢
Label:
EDISON'S SPITTOON
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
Although Edison kept a spittoon in his labs, he once told his second wife that "the floor was the surest spittoon because you never missed it."
^
34,#DESK,#PICT,ENEWSPPR.PIC
(Newspaper)
┬╢
Label:
FRANK LESLIE'S ILLUSTRATED NEWSPAPER (1880)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
This newspaper cover illustrates the process Edison used to carbonize filaments for his incandescent lamps. A paper filament was enclosed in a metal mold to keep the paper from burning in the furnace.
^
35,#KINETOSCOPE,#FRAME,EPHONO
(Area Phonograph)
┬╢
Label:
DISC PHONOGRAPH (1911)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
"I Wanna Be Loved By You", Performed By Green Brothers Novelty Band
After developing the tin-foil phonograph, Edison continued to search for ways to improve on the sound quality and durability of recordings. This disc phonograph included a diamond stylus, which gave Edison's phonographs the highest sound quality known in those days. In 1912 Edison and his team developed a hard, smooth plastic record, which eliminated most of the hissing sounds of other types of records. The plastic was also virtually indestructible.
^
36,#KINETOSCOPE,#TEXT
(KINETOSCOPE)
┬╢
Label:
KINETOSCOPE
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
^
37,#KINETOSCOPE,#PICT,EPLAQUE.PIC
(Plaque)
┬╢
Label:
ELECTRIC LIGHT PLAQUE
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
This plaque reminded people that electric lighting systems operated differently from gas lighting systems.
^
38,#DESK,#PICT,ENWSPPR3.PIC
(Newspaper)
┬╢
Label:
THE NEW YORK DAILY GRAPHIC (1879)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
This cartoon was published in The Daily Graphic on July 9, 1879. It shows the "Wizard of Menlo Park"-Thomas Edison-hunting for platinum to use as filaments in his light bulbs. Platinum is a rare and expensive metal, and Edison was concerned about having a large enough supply.
^
39,#DESK,#PICT,ENWSPPR2.PIC
(Newspaper)
┬╢
Label:
ELECTRIC DEVICE ADVERTISEMENTS (CIRCA LATE 1800s)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
By the end of the nineteenth century, people were looking for ways to profit from the "electricity craze." These advertisements show some of the different electrical devices that were being sold at the time.
^
40,#DESK,#PICT,ENWSPPR4.PIC
(Newspaper)
┬╢
Label:
EDISON'S ELECTRIC RAILWAY (1880)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
In 1880 Edison created a locomotive powered by electricity. He set up a circular, one - and - a - half - mile train track at Menlo Park. It was the first adult - sized electric train in the United States. Edison and his coworkers often rode the train to a nearby fishing hole.
^
41,#KINETOSCOPE,#FRAME,KineOp
(Kinetoscope Activity),(click again to open Kinetoscope door - EKSDRO.MOV)
┬╢
Label:
THE PEEPHOLE KINETOSCOPE (CIRCA 1891)
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
The kinetoscope allowed people to view filmstrip movies. It was one of the first devices of this type to be manufactured.
Inside the kinetoscope, batteries and a motor operate a light and turn the film on spools. On the front of the device is a eyepiece. A person looking through the eyepiece sees the film as it moves. A device called an aperture lets the person see only one picture at a time. Because the film moves so quickly, the series of single images create the illusion of movement.
^
42,#TICKER,#FRAME,Zoom Reciever
(reciever/operate)
┬╢
Label:
AUTOMATIC TELEGRAPH RECEIVER
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
When an electrical impulse reaches the receiver, a metal pin leaves a mark on chemically treated tape.
^
43,#TICKER,#FRAME,Tape Zoom
(reciever/operate)
┬╢
Label:
AUTOMATIC TELEGRAPH TRANSMITTER
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
The punched tape is passed between the drum and metal wheels of the transmitter. Whenever a metal wheel passes over a hole, it creates an electrical impulse that is sent along a wire.
^
100,#QTVR,#TEXT,EDISON
┬╢
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
^
101,#QTVR,#TEXT,WATT
┬╢
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
In order to explore the lab of James Watt and Alexander Graham Bell call 1-800-829-7962 or order from http://www.hminet.com. Also available from all good software stores.
^
102,#QTVR,#TEXT,BELL
┬╢
┬║
Description:
ΓÇó
Instructions:
In order to explore the lab of James Watt and Alexander Graham Bell call 1-800-829-7962 or order from http://www.hminet.com. Also available from all good software stores.
